Prompt basics: role, context, task, format
A useful prompt has four parts: who the AI should act as (role), what it needs to know (context), what you want done (task) and how you want the answer shaped (format).
Example: "Act as a patient statistics tutor. I am a second-year business student who has not used regression before. Explain what R-squared means in plain language, then give one example with made-up numbers. Keep it under 200 words."
Be specific about level and length, and paste your own notes or the assignment brief so the answer fits your course. If the first reply is not right, refine the prompt instead of starting over.
Prompts for understanding a topic
Use AI as a tutor for concepts you are meeting for the first time.
- "Explain [concept] as if I am new to the subject, then give a simple example."
- "What are the main differences between [concept A] and [concept B]? Use a table."
- "Here is a paragraph from my lecture notes. Which terms should I look up?"
- "Ask me three questions to check whether I understood this."
Treat the output as a starting point. AI can state wrong things confidently, so verify definitions, names and statistics against your textbook or a peer-reviewed source before relying on them.
Prompts for planning and outlining
Planning prompts help you organise your own thinking before you write.
- "Here is my assignment question and marking rubric. List the tasks I need to complete and suggest a time plan for two weeks."
- "I plan to argue [your position]. What counter-arguments should I address?"
- "Suggest three possible outlines for a 2,000-word essay on [topic]. I will choose and adapt one."
The ideas, argument and structure should end up as yours. Use the suggestions to compare options, then write your outline in your own words.
Prompts for feedback on your own draft
Feedback prompts work best when you ask for comments, not a rewrite.
- "Read my paragraph below. Point out unclear sentences and any claim that needs evidence. Do not rewrite it."
- "Check this introduction against this rubric criterion: [paste]. What is missing?"
- "List grammar errors in this text and explain each rule briefly."
Learning from the explanation improves your next draft. Avoid asking the tool to "make it better" and pasting the result into your submission, because that can breach academic integrity rules, and the writing will not reflect your own voice.
Prompts for revision and self-testing
AI is good at generating practice material from your own notes.
- "Create 10 multiple-choice questions from the notes below, with answers explained after I attempt them."
- "Quiz me one question at a time on [topic] and tell me what I missed."
- "Turn these notes into a one-page summary, then list the five points I am most likely to forget."
- "Give me a 7-day revision plan for [subject] with 45 minutes a day."
Check summaries against the original notes. If the tool leaves something out, you may not notice unless you compare.
What not to ask AI to do
Some requests put your marks or your degree at risk.
- Do not ask AI to write an assignment, a thesis chapter or a reflection that you then submit as your own.
- Do not ask it for references and assume they are real. AI tools can invent plausible-looking sources, so look up every reference yourself.
- Do not paste confidential data, such as personal data of research participants or unpublished work from your supervisor.
- Do not rely on it for current facts or exact statistics without checking.
If a task is the thing you are being assessed on, you need to do it.
Check your university's policy
Rules on AI differ between universities, faculties and even individual lecturers. Some allow limited use with disclosure, some allow it for specific tasks, and some ban it for assessed work.
Before using AI on a graded task, read your course outline, assessment brief and academic integrity policy. If it is unclear, email your lecturer and keep the reply. When in doubt, ask before you submit, not after. See our guide on using AI in university assignments in Malaysia for more on how to check and what to disclose.